Sarmiza Bilcescu-the first Romanian lawyer

Sarmiza or Sarmisa Bilcescu (later Bilcescu-Alimănişteanu; April 27, 1867-August 26, 1935) was a Romanian lawyer, the first European woman ever to obtain a license and a PhD in Law from the University of Paris, and the first one in her country to practice law. She was married to the engineer Constantin Alimănişteanu.

Biography

Coming from a family closely associated with that of Ion Brătianu,Sarmiza was accompanied to France by her mother, a self-avowed feminist
Having applied for University in 1884, Bilcescu was given a poor reception at the Faculty; in the words of Edmond Louis Armand Colmet De Santerre, the Professor of Civil law, "We hesitated to award Miss Bilcescu the authorization she demanded, fearing that we would have to police the amphitheaters". She even complained that, after being ultimately accepted, the doorman had not being allowed to enter the University hall (feeling insulted, she pointed out that such behavior contradicted the Liberté, égalité, fraternité motto present above the gate). Nevertheless, after completing her first year of studies, Colmet De Santerre addressed the student body, mentioning Bilcescu's "relentlessness beyond all praise and exemplary conduct", thanking male students for having "welcomed her as a sister" (the speech was received with applause by the audience). She received a license to practice in 1887. In 1890, when 71% of female students in France were of foreign origin, Bilcescu was also the first female European to obtain her PhD in Law, two years before the French national Jeanne Chauvin. Her thesis was titled De la condition légale de la mère ("On the Legal Condition of the Mother").During the 1880s, a Romanian woman, Christina Cutzarida, had been the first in her country to obtain a doctorate in Medicine.

References

1.  Alin Ciupală, Femeia în societatea românească a secolului al XIX-lea ("Women in 19th Century Romanian Society"), Editura Meridiane, Bucharest, 2003, p.59-60, 85

2.  Carole Lécuyer, "Une nouvelle figure de la jeune fille sous la IIIe République: l'étudiante" ("A New Figure of Young Girls under the Third Republic: the Student"), in Clio, 4/1996

3. Savoir et Recherche. La Place des Femmes ("Knowledge and Research. The Place of Women"), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Working Paper Nr.16, January 2006, p.7

4.  Sylvie Chaperon, "Une génération d’intellectuelles dans le sillage de Simone de Beauvoir" ("A Generation of Intellectuals in the Wake of Simone de Beauvoir"), in Clio, 13/2001

5.  Oana Sandu, Educaţia feminină în societatea romanească a secolului XIX ("Female Education in 19th century Romanian Society"), at miculparis.ro

6.  Amalia Vasilescu, Imaginarul despre Femeie în Vechiul Regat între pozitv şi negativ ("The Image of Women in the Romanian Old Kingdom, between Negative and Positive"), at the University of Bucharest site

7.  Andreea Ofiţeru, "Vârsta de aur a avocaturii româneşti" ("The Golden Age of Romanian Law Practice"), in Evenimentul Zilei, July 3, 2006

Persondata
Name	Bilcescu, Sarmiza
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1867
Place of birth
Date of death	1935
Place of death

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